29.1. Middleware paradigms
The widespread introduction of high bandwidth local area networks into the workplace during the 1980s led to distributed systems and the need to support the interworking of distributed software components. One approach was to build on communications services where untyped byte-streams or packets of bytes were transmitted. The ISO 7-layer model was defined by the communications community and included not only traditional communication in levels 1 through 4 but also its extension to support distributed applications in levels 5 (session), 6 (presentation) and 7 (application), see Section 3.8. Middleware can be seen as occupying layers 5 through 7 and message-oriented middleware (MOM) is a natural extension of the packet ...
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