相比之下，图 10-1 底部的系统思维观点则将室温作为中心变量，并关注影响室温的原因：燃烧的火炉会提高室温，而向室外散热则会降低室温。散热取决于室温和室外温度：在寒冷的天气里，更多的热量通过墙壁和 Windows 散失。这就是为什么智能供暖系统在寒冷天气会提高供暖功率的原因。在某种程度上，系统思维是一个平行宇宙，它从一个完全不同的角度来看待同一个系统，这个角度可以帮助我们更好地理解为什么要建造某样东西。
反馈回路
系统思维 帮助我们理解相互关联的行为，例如反馈回路。房间恒温器建立了一个典型的控制系统负反馈回路：如果室温过高，暖炉就会关闭，让房间再次降温。 负反馈回路通常旨在让系统保持相对稳定的状态--室温仍会根据恒温器的滞后性和供暖系统的惯性而轻微摆动。不过，大多数系统的自稳定范围是有限的：加热器无法在炎热的夏天为房间降温，也无法在冬天为打开的 Windows 进行补偿。
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