Urban Transportation and Logistics

41Transport and Logistics in Asian Cities

typically is responsible for about 20% of the total CO

2

emission, second

only to industry-generated CO

2

(Jiang 2009; Moriguchi 2009; Shrestha

2009; Shukla 2009).

The key to reducing CO

2

emission of goods vehicles and trucks lies

with the type of fuel used. Fossil fuels are known to be the main source

of transport-generated CO

2

emission. There is a need to study how the

use of fossil fuels for freight transportation could be minimized, and

how the use of environmentally friendly, low-carbon or zero-carbon

technologies and alternative fuels could be implemented or enforced.

2.4 NEED FOR INCORPORATING C