138 Nobuhiro Uno, Yasunobu Oshima, and Russell G. Thompson
Enforcement is expected to play an important role in directly reduc-
ing the effects of accidents. The following are examples of recent changes
in trafc regulation aimed at improving trafc safety in Japan:
a. 1996: Compulsory usage of child safety seat
b. 2002: Strict enforcement of regulations for drunk driving with
severer nes and penalties
c. 2004: Strict enforcement of regulation for mobile phone usage
Especially, it seems that the change in regulations in drunk driv-
ing and their strict enforcement might have contributed to reduction in
the number of accidents caused mainly by drunk driving, as shown in
Figure6.3.
6.5.2 Possible Contribution of ITS to Improving Traffic Safe ...