the generated fragments among the sites of a distributed database system. In the top-down design
process, the last step is the physical database design, which maps the local conceptual schemas into
physical storage devices available at corresponding sites. Top-down design process is the best suit-
able for those distributed systems that are developed from scratch.
Bottom-up design process – In the bottom-up design process, the issue of integration of several
existing local schemas into a global conceptual schema is considered to develop a distributed sys-
tem. When several existing databases are aggregated to develop ...
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