distributed DBMS. Two further aspects of transaction transparency are concurrency transparency
and failure transparency, which are discussed in the following:
(a)Concurrency transparency – Concurrency transparency in a distributed DBMS ensures that all
concurrent transactions (distributed and non-distributed) execute independently in the system
and are logically consistent with the results, that are obtained if transactions are executed one
at a time in some arbitrary serial order. The distributed DBMS requires complex mechanism to
ensure that both local and global transactions do not interfere with each other ...
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