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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)
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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
9h 36m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

11.2.1 输出整数

整型值可以输出为八进制(octal,基数为8的数制系统)、十进制(decimal,人类常用的数制系统,基数为10)和十六进制(hexadecimal,基数为16的数制系统)。如果你不了解这些数制,请先阅读附录A.2.1.1,然后再继续学习本章。大多数输出都使用十进制。十六进制多用于输出与硬件相关的信息,原因在于一个十六进制数字精确地表示了4位二进制值。因此,两个十六进制数字可以用来表示一个8位字节,4个十六进制数字表示2字节的值(常被称为半字),8位十六进制数则表示4字节的值(通常是一个字或一个寄存器的大小)。当20世纪70年代C语言(C++的祖先)最初发明之时,表示二进制位更多采用八进制,现在则很少使用了。

我们可以指定(十进制)数1234以十进制、十六进制(通常简称为“hex”)或八进制输出:

字符'\t'是制表符“tab”(“tabulation character”的简称),这段代码会输出如下内容:

符号<<hex和<<oct并不输出任何内容,然而<<hex通知流应该以十六进制输出任何后来的整型值,而<<oct通知流以八进制输出后来的整数。例如:

这段代码会输出:

注意最后一行的输出是一个八进制数。也就是说,oct、hex和dec(十进制输出)是持久的(“不变的”)——后来的整数一直按照这种数制输出,直至我们指定新的数制。hex和oct这种用来改变流的行为的关键字被称为操纵符(manipulator)。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111562252