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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)
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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
9h 36m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

11.2.4 精度

默认设置下,defaultfloat格式用总共6位数字来输出一个浮点值。流会选择最适合的格式,浮点值按6位数字(defaultfloat格式的默认精度)所能表示的最佳近似方式进行舍入。例如:

1234.567输出为1234.57

1.2345678输出为1.23457

舍入规则采用常用的4/5规则:0到4舍,5至9入。注意,浮点格式只对浮点数起作用,于是

1234567输出为1234567(因为这是一个整数)

1234567.0输出为1.23457e+006

在第二个例子中,ostream判断出1234567.0在fixed格式下不能只用6位数字输出,因此选择scientific格式,保持最为精确的表示形式。基本上,defaultfloat格式在scientific和fixed两种格式间进行选择,期望将浮点数以最精确的表示形式呈现给用户,所采用的精度限定为general格式的精度——默认为6位数字长度。

试一试

编写代码,三次输出浮点数1234567.89,分别采用defaultfloat、fixed和scientific格式。哪种格式呈现给用户最精确的表示形式?解释为什么。

程序员可以使用操纵符setprecision()来设置精度,例如:

会输出(注意舍入): ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111562252