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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)
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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
9h 36m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

4.4 语句

4.3节介绍了利用各种运算符组成表达式来进行相应的数值计算。如果要同时计算多个数值,应该怎么办?如果要重复计算多次呢?如果要在多个可选项中进行选择应如何做?应该如何获得输入、输出数据?和许多语言一样,C++语言也是通过语句来实现这些功能的。

到目前为止,我们已经见过两种语句了:表达式语句和声明语句。表达式语句是以分号结束的一个表达式。例如,

上面是两个表达式语句的例子。注意,=是运算符。因此,a=b;是一个以分号结尾的表达式语句。分号的使用主要是出于技术上的考虑,例如:

这条语句错误的原因是:如果缺少分号的话,编译器不知道这条语句表示的是a=b++;b;或者a=b;++b;。这种二义性问题不但存在于编程语言中,也存在于自然语言中。例如,“人吃虎”(man eating tiger)这句话就很令人费解:到底谁吃谁啊?如果加上标点符号就很好理解了:“食人虎”(man-eating tiger)。

计算机是严格按照语句在程序中的书写顺序来执行的,例如:

在这里,变量声明语句及其初始化在输出语句之前执行。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111562252