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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)
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C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
9h 36m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++程序设计:原理与实践(基础篇)(原书第2版)

4.4.2 循环语句

现实生活中,我们经常会遇到一些重复性的工作。为此,编程语言也提供了相应的语言工具,称为循环(repetition)。在对一系列数据进行同样处理的时候,它也被称为迭代(iteration)。

4.4.2.1 While语句

在世界上第一台能存储程序的计算机(名为EDSAC)上运行的第一个程序就是一个循环语句程序,它是由英国剑桥大学计算机实验室的David Wheeler在1949年5月6日编写的,其目的是计算并打印下面这个简单的平方表:

平方表的每一行是一个数,后面跟着一个制表符('\t'),然后是该数的平方。该程序的C++版本如下:

程序中的square(i)表示i的平方,其含义和用法将在后续章节中解释(4.5节)。

不过,这第一个计算机程序并不是用C++编写的,但它们的程序逻辑是相同的,如下所示:

·从0开始计数;

·检查计数是否达到100,如果是的话,程序结束;

·否则,打印这个数和它的平方,中间用制表符('\t')隔开。计数加1,重复上述操作。

显然,完成上述目标,我们需要:

·一种实现语句重复执行的方法(循环);

·一个记录循环次数的变量(循环变量或控制变量),在上面的例子中是整型变量i。

·循环变量的初始化,在示例中是0;

·循环结束条件,在示例中是循环100次; ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111562252