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© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Chapter 1
Cyber-Physical
Systems Concepts
Christopher Chadwick, Sarah Betzig, and Fei Hu
1.1 Introduction
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) incorporate the close interactions between computing resources
(such as computer hardware and software) and physical objects (such as a car, human body, etc.).
CPS already exists today. For example, many cars on the market use a computer-based antilock
brake system (see Figure 1.1). CPSs could revolutionize many areas from health care to manufac-
turing to transportation. However, the ability to realize these grand visions is limited by today’s
computing technology, particularly ...