conversion efficiency of this charge-pump topology drops abruptly when the number
of power stages exceeds five.
This performance limitation due to the body effect can be alleviated by using a
cross-coupled voltage doubler, which is the topic of Section 6.3, to boost the ampli-
tude of the clock voltage that is used to drive the final power stage via C
5
[8]. Alter-
natively, this problematic NMOS charge transfer switch and the output NMOS diodes
can be substituted by their PMOS counterparts to compensate the body effect [10].
The reference offers a detailed description of the circuitry.
Furthermore, it ...
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