Involvement ◾ 157
◾ Suggestions per team member
◾ Supervisor participation percentage
◾ Approval ratio
◾ Points awarded
◾ Average points per team member
◾ Percentage of intangible suggestions
However, at Toyota we learned not to overemphasize these numbers.
For example, we avoided setting annual number targets. Otherwise, we
found that some area supervisors might pester team members for sug-
gestions at month end merely to achieve quotas. Rather, we let numbers
grow naturally.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation
Extrinsic motivators include cash and gifts and are the most common
rewards of suggestion programs. But they may not be the most powerful
motivators. The psychological literature indicates that intrinsic motivators
such as the followin ...