
Standardized Work ◾ 83
◾ Ensure adequate lighting.
◾ Use colors.
◾ Use U-shaped layouts so that process start and end points are side by side.
Guidelines for Tools and Jigs
◾ Develop jigs to eliminate manual holding of materials.
◾ Use ergonomic tools (i.e., tools that are easy to grip, encourage good
hand/wrist posture, and minimize forces and vibration).
◾ Combine tools where possible (e.g., use a T-wrench instead of a socket
wrench and screwdriver).
◾ Where possible, use balancers that automatically withdraw the tool from
point of use.
Common Layouts
We typically encounter four layouts:
30,31
◾ Islands (isolated processes)
◾ Connected islan ...