
chapter
one
Models and Concepts of Life
and Intelligence
This chapter begins to set the stage for the
computational intelligence paradigm we call
“particle swarm,” which will be the focus
of the second half of the book. As human
cognition is really the gold standard for in-
telligence, we will, as artificial intelligence
researchers have done before us, base our
model on people’s thinking. Unlike many
previous AI researchers, though, we do not
subscribe to the view of mind as equivalent
to brain, as a private internal process, as
some set of mechanistic dynamics, and we
deemphasize the autonomy of the individual
thinker. The currently prevailing cognitivist