
slope of the regression line—the β—estimates the strength of the effect of
the independent variable. More will be said about the weakness of
correlational research below.
Multiple regression allows testing of effects of multiple independent
variables simultaneously. The variance in the dependent variable is “ex-
plained” by the values of the independent variable, with the effect of one
variable removed before the next is tested. There are numerous ways to
implement a multiple regression test, and some of the ways are not rigor-
ous—regression is easily abused by untrained, untalented, or unscrupu-
lous analysts.
The Chi-Square Test of Independence
In some ...