Swarm Intelligence

Thus even though culture can be defined reductively as a kind of sta-

tistical summary of its participants, its top-down effect on those partici-

pants is both unitary and variable, is widespread and profound, is funda-

mental and intimate. Cultural truisms are reified into personal truths;

the culture’s way of interpreting facts is presumed to be the correct way,

and in a sense it is, regardless of the culture and the method of the inter-

pretation, because it enables humans to become human beings.

Soft Computing

As stated earlier, there are a number of definitions of “soft computing.”

Included are the softening “parameterization” of operations such