Swarm Intelligence

neighbor, and in the end the population maximizes the criterion. Thus,

in the original versions of the model, the change rule is “if (rand < S/N)

then interact,” where rand is a random number between zero and one, S

represents the number of similar or matching elements, and N is the

number of features in a string. The following experiments substitute new

terms into the parentheses on the left side of the change rule.

Experiment Two substituted a simple arbitrary function for the simi-

larity test previously used. Rather than testing the similarity of two

neighbors, the algorithm was modified so that the numerals comprising

an individual’s features were ...