January 2023
Intermediate to advanced
458 pages
14h 16m
Chinese
Content preview from 可编程网络自动化
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236
｜
第
8
章
便已经能够以每秒
6.7
个补丁的速度向
Linux
内核树应用补丁。
2005
年
6
月，
Git
管理了
2.6.12
版的
Linux
内核，
Git
的
1.0
版本则于
2005
年
12
月底发布。
在撰写本书之际，
Git
的最新版本是
2.13.1
，其各个版本均可用于所有主流桌面操作系统
（
Linux
、
W
indows
和
macOS
）。使用
Git
的著名开源项目包括
Linux
内核（前面提到过）、
Perl
、
Gnome
桌面
环境、
Android
、
KDE Project
以及
X Window System
的
X.Org
实现。此
外，一些非常流行的在线源代码控制服务也是基于
Git
的
，包括
GitHub
、
BitBucket
和
GitLab
，
其中一些服务还提供了本地（
on-premises
）实现。第
10
章在讨论持续集成时会更
详细地介绍
GitLab
。
8.4.2
Git
术语
在继续深入之前，要先确保对一些术语做出正确的定义。部分术语之前可能都已经用过
了，不过出于完整性考虑，还是将其一并放在了这里。
仓库
在
Git
中
，仓库就是包含项目所有信息（文件和元数据）和历史的数据库。（这里使用
术语
项目
引指用于特定目的的一组文件。）仓库是在项目生命期内，与该项目相关的全
部文件和信息的完整副本。注意，添加到仓库中的数据是不可变的，也就是说，数据一
旦加入，就无法改动了。这并不是说不能修改存储在仓库中的文件，仓库存储和跟踪文
件的方式是当文件出现变更时，在仓库中创建一个新条目（具体来说，
Git
会使用
SHA
哈希在仓库中创建内容可寻址对象）。
工作目录
Git
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.