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IC DfM for Devices and Products
3.1 Introduction
Integrated circuit design for manufacturability (IC DfM) methods and
tools can be applied at different levels of design hierarchy, from individual
devices, through standard cells, IP (intellectual property) blocks of vari-
ous functions, up to the chip level. DfM principles for individual devices
would focus on ensuring their alignment with models, lowering the parasit-
ics, and improving reliability. DfM for generic metal oxide semiconductor
eld effect transistor (MOSFET) parametric cells (pCells) would deal with
reducing the length-of-diffusion effect [1], optimizing the area-to ...