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深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现
book

深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现

by 斋藤康毅
July 2018
Intermediate to advanced
310 pages
8h 21m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from 深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现
7.7  具有代表性的CNN 
231
如图7
-
26 所示,如果堆叠了多层卷积层,则随着层次加深,提取的信息
也愈加复杂、抽象,这是深度学习中很有意思的一个地方。最开始的层对简
单的边缘有响应,接下来的层对纹理有响应,再后面的层对更加复杂的物体
部件有响应。也就是说,随着层次加深,神经元从简单的形状向“高级”信息
变化。换句话说,就像我们理解东西的“含义”一样,响应的对象在逐渐变化。
7.7
具有代表性的CNN
关于
CNN
,迄今为止已经提出了各种网络结构。这里,我们介绍其中
特别重要的两个网络,一个是在1998 年首次被提出的
CNN
元祖
LeNet
[20]
另一个是在深度学习受到关注的2012 年被提出的
AlexNet
[21]
7.7.1
 LeNet
LeNet
1998 年被提出,是进行手写数字识别的网络。如图7
-
27 所示,
它有连续的卷积层和池化层(正确地讲,是只“抽选元素”的子采样层),最
后经全连接层输出结果。
7-27 LeNet 的网络结构(引用自文献[20]
和“现在的
CNN
”相
LeNet
有几个不同点。第一个不同点在于激活
函数。
LeNet
中使用
sigmoid
函数,而现在的
CNN
中主要使用
ReLU
函数。
此外,原始的
LeNet
中使用子采样(
subsampling
)缩小中间数据的大小,而
现在的
CNN
Max
池化是主流。
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787115485588