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深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现
book

深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现

by 斋藤康毅
July 2018
Intermediate to advanced
310 pages
8h 21m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from 深度学习入门 : 基于Python的理论与实现
1章 Python 入门
14
>>> A * 10
array([[ 10, 20],
[ 30, 40]])
NumPy 数组(
np.array
)可以生成
N
维数组,即可以生成一维数组、
二维数组、三维数组等任意维数的数组。数学上将一维数组称为向量
将二维数组称为矩阵。另外,可以将一般化之后的向量或矩阵等统
称为张量(tensor)。本书基本上将二维数组称为“矩阵”,将三维数
组及三维以上的数组称为“张量”或“多维数组”。
1.5.5
 广播
NumPy
中,形状不同的数组之间也可以进行运算。之前的例子中,在
2×2 的矩阵
A
和标量
10
之间进行了乘法运算。在这个过程中,如图1
-
1 所示,
标量
10
被扩展成了2
×
2 的形状,然后再与矩阵
A
进行乘法运算。这个巧妙
的功能称为广播
broadcast
)。
1-1 广播的例子:标量10 被当作 2
×
2 的矩阵
1
*
=
2
3 4
10 10
10 10
1
*
=
2
3 4
10 10 20
30 40
我们通过下面这个运算再来看一个广播的例子。
>>> A = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> B = np.array([10, 20])
>>> A * B
array([[ 10, 40],
[ 30, 80]])
在这个运算中,如图1
-
2 所示,一维数组
B
被“巧妙地”变成了和二位数
A
相同的形状,然后再以对应元素的方式进行运算。
综上,因为
NumPy
有广播功能,所以不同形状的数组之间也可以顺利
地进行运算。
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787115485588