
99Engineering Cell Surface Interface in Tissue Engineering and Biosensors
into chondrocytes (Salinas and Anseth 2008; Kloxin etal. 2009). Thus the spatial
and temporal control of microenvironment is crucial to engineer the tissue construct.
The synergistic effects of chemical factor gradients, cell–cell interactions, mechani-
cal sensing, and coordinated cell movements in tissue formation can be achieved
through various microscale and microuidic technologies as briey discussed in
Section 4.3. Adding to the advantages of microuidics for making patterns of mul-
tiple cell types, they offer novel platforms for precise control and variation o