January 2018
Intermediate to advanced
856 pages
17h 17m
Chinese
Content preview from Python 技術手冊 第三版
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第 19 章 客戶端網路協定模組
處理認證
urllib2
的預設 opener 沒有認證。要取得認證，就以
HTTPBasicAuthHandler
、
ProxyBasicAuthHandler
、
HTTPDigestAuthHandler
或
ProxyDigestAuthHandler
的實體呼叫
build_opener
來建置一個 opener，這取決於你想直接在 HTTP
中進行認證，或與 proxy 進行認證，以及你需要的是 Basic 還是 Digest
認證。
要實體化這些認證處理器（authentication handlers），就用類別
HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm
的一個實體
x
作為認證處理器之建構器的
唯一引數。你一般會使用相同的
x
來實體化你需要的所有認證處理器。要
為給定的認證領域（authentication realms）和 URL 記錄使用者和密碼，就
呼叫
x.add_password
一或多次。
add_password x.add_password(realm,URLs,user,password)
在
x
中記錄對組
(user,password)
作為給定的
realm
和
URLs
的證明資
訊（credentials）。
realm
是一個字串，指名一個認證領域；若
realm
為
None
，它會匹配沒有明確記錄的任何領域。
URLs
是一個 URL 字串，
或 URL 字串所成的一個序列。若符合下列條件，一個 URL
u
就會被
視為適用這些證明資訊：如果
URLs ...
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