January 2018
Intermediate to advanced
856 pages
17h 17m
Chinese
Content preview from Python 技術手冊 第三版
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第 3 章 Python 語言
一個
指定
（
assignment
）是將值（values）指定給變數（variables）的簡單
述句，如我們會在後面「指定述句」中討論的。Python 中的指定是一個述
句，而且永遠都不能是運算式的一部分。
複合述句
一個
複合述句
（
compound statement
）含有一或多個其他述句，並會控制
它們的執行。一個複合述句有一或多個等量縮排的
子句
（
clauses
）。每個
子句都有以一個關鍵字開頭並以一個冒號（
:
）結尾的
標頭
（
header
），後
面接著一個
主體
（
body
），它是一或多個述句所成的一個序列。若主體含
有多個述句，也稱為一個
區塊
（
block
），那些述句就會在標頭行後面分別
的邏輯文字行中，以四個空格向右縮排。當縮排回到與子句標頭相同的量
（或更往左，到達某個外層複合述句的縮排量），那個區塊在語法上就算
結束。又或者是，主體可以是單一個簡單述句，接在
:
之後，與標頭位於
同一個邏輯文字行。主體也可能由同一行上，其間以分號區隔的數個簡單
述句所構成，但就如我們已經提過的，這並非良好的 Python 風格。
資料型別
Python 程式所進行的作業取決於它所處理的資料。在 Python 中，資料值
（data values）被稱為
物件
（
objects
），而每個物件，也就是
值
（
value
），
都有一個
型別
（
type
）。一個物件的型別決定該物件支援哪些作業（換句
話說，就是你可以對該值進行哪些運算）。型別也決定了該物件的
屬性
（
attributes
） 和（如果有的話）
項目
（
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