January 2018
Intermediate to advanced
856 pages
17h 17m
Chinese
Content preview from Python 技術手冊 第三版
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v2/v3 的移轉與共存
Python 3 最早的發行版（本書中我們稱為 v3 的東西之前身）出現於 2008
年，具體而言就是「Python 3.0」：那個發行版並非正式上線版的品質，
原本的目標也非如此。它的主要用途是讓人們開始適應語法和語意上的改
變，某些部分的實作並沒有達到令人滿意的程度（特別是 I/O 機能，現在
已大幅改善）。在我們撰寫本章之時，主流的發行版是 2.7.12 和 3.5.2，而
3.6.0 的發行版剛在 2016 年 12 月推出，非常接近我們完成本書的期限（結
果就是，我們以「3.6 中的新功能」提到 3.6 的重點功能時，有很大一部分
是基於 3.6 的測試版本：我們無法宣稱有完整涵蓋 3.6）。
Python 的核心開發人員花了很大的工夫將 v3 的功能後向移植（backport）
到 v2，但這類活動現在已經結束了，v2 的功能已被凍結（v3 標準程式庫
的某些功能對 v2 的後向移植版可以
pip install
取用，如本書前面一再提
到的那樣）。v2 只會有修正安全性臭蟲的發行版，而即使是那些，也會在
v2 的維護工作於 2020 年正式結束的時候停止。2014 年 Guido van Rossum
的 PyCon NA 重點演說（
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ef9GudbxXY
）
明確地排除了任何 2.8 發行版的可能性，如果你堅持使用 v2，那麼 2020 年
後，你就得靠自己了。
對那些已經精通 Python 的建置系統 ...
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