May 2023
Intermediate to advanced
132 pages
13h 52m
English
The number of team members who, if lost, would put a project in jeopardy.
The name of the principle refers to the expression hit by a bus, which is intended to be a humorous metaphor for a person who becomes suddenly unavailable due to death, extended sick leave, changing jobs, etc.1
The bus factor refers only to team members who are essential to project success and cannot be easily replaced.
A high bus factor (e.g., bus factor = 5) means that multiple team members could be lost without compromising project success. Large bus factors have reduced risks but less agility and higher costs:
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