Ubuntu Unleashed 2013 Edition: Covering 12.10 and 13.04, Eighth Edition

Assigning Permissions

Under Linux, permissions are grouped by owner, group, and others, with read, write, and execute permission assigned to each, as follows:

Owner    Group    Othersrwx      rwx      rxw

Permissions can be indicated by mnemonic or octal characters. Mnemonic characters are listed here:

• r indicates permission for an owner, member of the owner’s group, or others to open and read the file.

• w indicates permission for an owner, member of the owner’s group, or others to open and write to the file.

• x indicates permission for an owner, member of the owner’s group, or others to execute the file (or read a directory).

In the previous example for the file named file, the owner, matthew, has read and write permission. Any member of ...