Big Data and Business Analytics

6  •  Big Data and Business Analytics

expect this pace to increase. e basic model of the databases also evolved

from hierarchical and network

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to relational. ese models became very

eective at storing data that had the structure of elds within records

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(attributes in tuples). Of course, there were exceptions to the transaction

processing models, for example, scientic databases made up of huge vol-

umes of numbers,

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databases made up of images (e.g., NASA databases),

and databases made up of events (e.g., network data). With the dominance

of the relational data model, structured query language (SQL) became the

de facto standard for accessing ...