Hands-On Geospatial Analysis with R and QGIS

Basic operations with vector

Suppose the prices of three commodities, namely potatoes, rice, and oil were $10, $20, and $30 respectively in January 2018, denoted by the vector jan_price, and the prices of all these three elements increased by $1, $2, and $3 respectively in March 2018, denoted by the vector increase. Then, we can add two vectors mar_price and increase to get the new price as follows:

jan_price = c(10, 20, 30)increase = c(1, 2, 3)mar_price = jan_price + increase

To see the contents of mar_price, we just need to write it and then press Enter:

mar_price

We now see that mar_price is updated as expected:

[1] 11 22 33

Similarly, we can subtract and multiply. Remember that R uses element-wise computation, meaning that if we multiply ...