Timing for Animation, 40th Anniversary Edition, 3rd Edition
by Harold Whitaker, Tom Sito, John Halas
Slugging
In the production of a television series, keeping the shows at the required running length is vital to staying on budget and avoiding costly production overruns. If the contract with a television station is to deliver 12 episodes of 24 minutes 40 seconds each with station breaks, you cannot give them 26 or 28 minutes with excuses. And it means money was wasted to animate and color scenes that were destined to be edited and thrown away to keep the show at length. To keep their shows at the required length, directors or a story editor will pre-time a script out loud with a stopwatch. Almost like a table-read in the theater. Also many animation directors resort to a system called slugging.
While the storyboards are being done, the actors ...
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