February 2021
Intermediate to advanced
184 pages
4h 7m
English
book
Timing for Animation, 40th Anniversary Edition, 3rd Edition
by Harold Whitaker, Tom Sito, John Halas
Content preview from Timing for Animation, 40th Anniversary Edition, 3rd Edition
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Timing for a Hand-Drawn Film: Exposure Charts or Exposure Sheets
When the director has completed the bar sheets for a film, the information is split up scene-by-scene ready for distribution to the animators.
The timing is transferred to printed dope sheets (United Kingdom) known as exposure sheets or X-Sheets in the United States (Fig. 11). Some studios use charts with units of 4 seconds (96 frames) on each sheet. Others, who primarily work in television where the speed of projection is 25 frames per second, use sheets in 100 frame units which provide 4 seconds of running time for television. Even after much of animation has transitioned over to computers, animation software programs have created a digital equivalent of the dope sheet to be ...
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