December 2013
Intermediate to advanced
392 pages
13h 29m
English
Content preview from Compact Plasma and Focused Ion Beams
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11Introduction
inuence of externally applied elds and the internal elds generated by all
the other plasma particles. If the total number of particles is N, we have N non-
linear coupled differential equations of motion to solve simultaneously. A self-
consistent formulation must be used since the particle trajectories (elds) are
intrinsically coupled. The electromagnetic elds obey Maxwell’s equations:
∇× =−E
B
t
∂
∂
,
(1.13)
∇× =+
BJ
E
t
oo
me
∂
∂
(1.14)
∇=
·,
E
o
r
e
(1.15)
and
∇=·,
B 0
(1.16)
where
ρ
= total charge density, J = total electric current density,
ε
0
= electric
permittivity, and
μ
0
= magnetic permeability.
The plasma charge and cu ...
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