August 2017
Intermediate to advanced
360 pages
8h 35m
Chinese
Content preview from 算法技术手册（原书第2 版）
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132
｜
第
6
章
图 6-6：图 6-5 中迷宫的图表示
要解决迷宫问题，只需要在图
G
= (
V
,
E
)
中找到一条从图
6-5
中源顶点
s
到目标顶点
t
间
的一条路径即可。在本例中，所有边都是无向的，但是如果在迷宫上加方向限制条件，
我们就能够非常容易地处理有向边。
深度优先搜索
的核心是
dfsVisit(u)
递归操作。这个操作访问之前没有访问过的顶点
u
，
并通过对顶点染色来记录搜索进程。顶点可能会被染成如下三种颜色：
白色
顶点还未被访问。
灰色
顶点已经被访问过，但是它可能还有未被访问过的邻接顶点。
黑色
顶点及其所有邻接顶点都已经被访问过。
深度优先搜索小结
最坏情况、平均情况和最好情况：
O
(
V
+
E
)
depthFirstSearch (G,s)
foreach v in V do
pred[v] = -1
color[v] = White
❶
dfsVisit(s)
end
dfsVisit(u)
color[u] = Gray
foreach neighbor v of u do
if color[v] = White then
❷
图算法
｜
133
图算法
pred[v] = u
dfsVisit(v)
color[u] = Black
❸
end
❶
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