
Introduction
To be effective, operational risk management needs to find
expression in an organizational framework. Until now, man-
aging operational risk in any systematic fashion has been very
difficult. Although line managers may have been well inten-
tioned in controlling risk in their separate functions, the
absence of frameworks and all-round risk awareness from an
enterprise-wide perspective has made it difficult to mitigate
risk in any systematic sense.
There are two approaches to establishing effective operational
risk management frameworks. The first considers the practical,
basic reasons why frameworks are essential. For example, a
framework should ...