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3
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
and TDM Principles
We have seen in the last chapter that time division multiplexing (TDM)
technology is responsible for the high number of voice channels that can be
multiplexed into a single transmission medium. Although the TDM tech-
niques are not strictly restricted to the digital world, as they can very well be
deployed on analog links too, with the help of sampling and applying pulse
amplitude modulation, pulse width modulation, and pulse position modu-
lation techniques (PAM, PWM, or PPM, respectively, discussed later in this
chapter) are not useful for long-distance links, owing to the accu ...