
56 Principles of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
3.5 Other Digital Modulations
In addition to PCM, some other forms of digital modulations have been
developed. Some of the important ones are
• Differential PCM (DPCM)
• Delta modulation (DM)
• Adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM)
• Adaptive delta modulation (ADM)
All these are variations to the standard PCM. None of them, however, is
in widespread use, particularly in the mainstream communication links and
systems. The primary reason for this is that although these variations offer
some advantage in coding efciency, they need different types of processing
devices. Since the mainstream PCM ...