March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
522 pages
13h 52m
Chinese
Content preview from Python语言及其应用（第2版）
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211
第 13章
日历和时钟
“当！”六十分钟前，钟楼响起了午夜十二点的钟声。
——
Frederick B. Needham
，
《不分昼夜》（
The Round of the Clock
）
我总是出现在日历上，但自己从来都没准时过。
——
Marilyn Monroe
程序员在日期和时间上投入了惊人的精力。让我们来谈谈他们碰到过的一些问题，然后从
中获得一些最佳实践和技巧，以使情况稍微不那么混乱。
可以用多种方式来表述日期——实际上，方式太多了。即使在使用罗马历的英语中，你也
会看到一个简单日期的诸多变体：
• July 21 1987
• 21 Jul 1987
• 21/7/1987
• 7/21/1987
日期表述还存在歧义。从上面的例子中很容易确定，
7
代表月份
，
21
是当月的日子，因为
月份不可能是
21
。但是
1/6/2012
呢？这是指
1
月
6
日还是
6
月
1
日呢？
在罗马历中，月份的名字因语言而异。在其他文化中，年份和月份甚至可以有不同的定义。
时间也有自己的“苦衷”，主要是时区和夏令时的原因。观察一下时区地图，会发现时区
是按照政治和历史边界划分的，而不是按每隔经度
15
度（
360
度
/24
小时）的清晰界线划
分。各国夏令时的起止时间也各不相同。南半球国家和北半球国家时间刚好相反。
Python
标准库中有很多日期和时间模块
，包括
datetime
、
time
、
calendar
、
dateutil
等。
各个模块功能之间有部分重叠，多少会造成些困惑。
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.