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O'Reilly Platform
book
Python语言及其应用(第2版)
by
Bill Lubanovic
March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
522 pages
13h 52m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
Python语言及其应用(第2版)
44
|
第
4
章
sum = 1 +
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
有一个小窍门,如果位于一对圆括号(也可以是方括号或花括号)内部,那么
Python
就不
会抱怨行尾了:
>>> sum = (
... 1 +
... 2 +
... 3 +
... 4)
>>>
>>> sum
10
在第
5
章中你还会看到,成对的三引号可以生成多行字符串。
4.3
使用
if
、
elif
和
else
进行比较
现在,我们终于迈出了第一步,来到了将数据编织成程序的代码结构。第一个例子是下面
这个短小的
Python
程序,它会检查布尔变量
disaster
的值并打印出相应的点评:
>>> disaster = True
>>> if disaster:
... print("Woe!")
... else:
... print("Whee!")
...
Woe!
>>>
if
和
else
是
Python
语句
,负责检查条件(在这里是
disaster
的值)是否为
True
,或者是
否可以被评估为
True
。记住,
print()
是
Python
的内建函数,通常用于在屏幕上打印内容。
如果你之前使用过其他编程语言,那么注意
if
语句在
Python
中是不需要圆
括号的。例如,不用写成
if (disaster == True)
(等量运算符
==
马上就会
讲到)。只需在结尾加上冒号(
:
)即可。如果你有时忘了写冒号(像我一
样
),
Python
就会报错。
该测试之后的每个
print()
都是缩进的。每级缩进使用了
4
个空格。尽管你可以使用自己 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115586223