March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
522 pages
13h 52m
Chinese
Content preview from Python语言及其应用（第2版）
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388
｜
第
20
章
20.4
图形用户界面
尽管名称中包含了“图形”一词，但图形用户界面（
graphical user interface
，
GUI
）的重点
在于用户界面：数据展示部件、输入方法、菜单、按钮以及包含上述所有这些的窗口。
GUI
编程的
wiki
页面和
FA
Q
给出了由
Python
实现的
GUI
。下面来看看唯一内建于标准库
的
Tkinter
。它朴实无华，但可以在所有平台上生成接近原生界面的窗口以及部件。
下面这个迷你版的
Tkinter
程序可以在窗口中显示我们最爱的那只眼睛像曲棍球一样的吉
祥物：
>>> import tkinter
>>> from PIL import Image, ImageTk
>>>
>>> main = tkinter.Tk()
>>> img = Image.open('oreilly.png')
>>> tkimg = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
>>> tkinter.Label(main, image=tkimg).pack()
>>> main.mainloop()
注意，程序中用到了一些
PIL/Pillow
模块。你应该会再次看到
O
’
Reilly
的
logo
，如图
20-7
所示。
图 20-7：使用 Tkinter 显示的图像
点击关闭按钮或者
Python
解释器就可以让该窗口消失。
Tkinter
的更多内容可参见
Tkinter wiki
。接下来介绍一些标准库中没有的
GUI
。
Qt
Qt
是一款由挪威
T
rolltech
公司开发的专业级
GUI
及应用工具包，已有 ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.