March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
522 pages
13h 52m
Chinese
Content preview from Python语言及其应用（第2版）
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318
第 18章
Web
哦，我们编织了一张多么纠结的网……
——
W
alter Scott
，《玛密恩》
欧洲核子研究中心（
CERN
）横跨法国和瑞士边境
，这家粒子物理研究所多次粉碎原子，
寻求确定性答案。
原子粉碎过程产生了海量的数据。
1989
年
，英国科学家
Tim Berners-Lee
首次在
CERN
内
部分发了一份提案，以帮助在研究所和整个研究界传播信息。他称之为万维网（
W
orld
Wide Web
）
，并将其设计提炼为以下
3
个简单的想法。
HTTP（hypertext transfer protocol，超文本传输协议）
用于在
We
b
客户端和服务器之间交换请求和响应的协议。
HTML（hypertext markup language，超文本标记语言）
内容的显示格式。
URL（uniform resource locator，统一资源定位符）
唯一标识服务器以及其中资源的方式。
在最简单的用法中，
We
b
客户端（我觉得
Berners-Lee
是第一个使用术语“浏览器”的人）
通过
HTTP
连接到
We
b
服务器，请求
URL
，然后接收
HTML
。
这全部建立在互联网的联网基础之上，当时的互联网尚未商业化，只为少数大学和研究机
构所知。
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