518 • Big Data Analytics
instance, by lling out a form. So Google added coding to some of its ads
that made Safari think that a person was submitting an invisible form to
Google. Safari would then let Google install a cookie [a small le to track
user behavior—authors] on the phone or computer.
58
Taking privacy assurances at face value can be risky. Even if the system
with which you are directly interacting is being run in a transparent and
completely ethical manner, computer systems interact with each other. If a
rm hosts advertisements on my website, no matter how well it adheres to
its stated privacy practices, your privacy is directly impacted by the poli-
cies and practices of the rm hosting the advertisements.
e previously mentioned ...