
110 • Big Data Analytics
Hierarchical Database
In your organization, there is probably an organization chart. Workers
answer to managers. Managers answer to directors. Going up the chain,
we pass through vice presidents, presidents, and the C suite. In a typical
organization, a manager has many subordinates, but each subordinate has
only one manager.
e hierarchical database, when diagrammed, resembles this organi-
zational chart. ere are parent/child relationships in which each parent
record may have multiple children, but each child record has only a single
parent. Having just discussed the ineciencies of one-to-many relation-
ships, it is eas ...