Search Service Application Role
One of the most commonly used service application role in SharePoint 2010 is the search service application role, because it is responsible for running the Enterprise search functionality that enables you to search both within and outside of SharePoint.
The search service application is different than the way it was in SharePoint 2007. Gone is the need to separate the indexing from the Query capability; in SharePoint 2010, these roles are combined into one. In addition, SharePoint 2010 has the capability to have multiple redundant indexes, something that was not possible in SharePoint 2007. For detailed information on configuring search in SharePoint 2010, refer to Chapter 8, “Leveraging and Optimizing Search in ...
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