March 2017
Intermediate to advanced
232 pages
4h 44m
Chinese
Content preview from 自造手冊：新工業革命實務指南
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開工囉！
177
正確的關機方式
Raspberry Pi 沒有 on/off 電源開關，也沒
有重置按鈕。當您將板子接上電源之後，
就會載入作業系統。移除電源（就是拔
掉插頭）時，板子就會關機。
不過當作業系統（OS）還在運作時，這
樣關電腦真的很糟糕。幾乎所有的作業
系統都會在背景執行許多事情，例如將
資料寫入 SD 記憶卡，這些事情使用者幾
乎感覺不到。所以如果您突然拔掉電源
的話，OS 可能會卡在某個背景任務裡，
SD 記憶卡可能會因此損毀，導致無法再
次開機。關閉 Raspberry Pi 最好的方式是
從 Shell 中輸入特定指令（sudo shutdown
或 sudo halt）。
圖 18-3
有 著各種檔 案與資 料夾的 實 體檔案 櫃
archive
圖 18-4
Raspberry Pi 的一段資料夾階層
資料夾的另一個名稱是
目錄
（
directory
），
這個詞在 Linux 系統中更為常見（linux
就是 RaspberryPi 所執行的作業系統）。
主 目 錄， 包 含 了 所 有 其 他 的 檔 案 並 位
於階 層 最高 處，稱 為根（
root
）， 是 用
/
（
slash
）斜線符號來表示。
基本指令
要找到您現在位於樹狀結構的哪一個分
支（目錄），請輸入 pwd 後按下 Enter 或
Return。pwd 代 表
顯示工作目錄名稱
（
print (name of）working directory
）， 並
會顯示從根目錄到當下目錄的完整路徑：
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ pwd
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.