March 2017
Intermediate to advanced
232 pages
4h 44m
Chinese
Content preview from 自造手冊：新工業革命實務指南
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第 16 章 Arduino
150
與真實世界互動
我們要介紹第一個簡單的指令，使作品
可以動起來。
指定腳位的動作
Arduino 開發板上有好幾個腳位，
圖 16-8
中可以看到，腳位 0-13 以淺色顯示。這
些腳位都是數位式驅動，只能執行 0 和 1
的程式。若它們是水龍頭，則只能完全
打開或完全關閉。
圖 16-8
Arduino 的數位腳位
製作 Arduino 原 型 平台的好處之一，是
可以改變數位腳位的動作，並決定要將
它們用作輸入或輸出。要放入 setup 函式
的指令很簡單。舉例來說，將腳位 13 設
為輸出的程式為：
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
將腳位 7 設為輸入的程式碼 :
pinMode(7, INPUT);
基本上，pinMode 指令可以接受兩個參
數：第一個參數決定哪個腳位要執行開
關，第二個參數則決定腳位執行的方式
為輸入（INPUT）或輸出（OUTPUT）。
若您將某一個腳位設為輸入，卻從該腳
位輸出，或是相反過來，都有可能會造
成 Arduino 或連接的電子裝置故障。
該將開關打開嗎？
若您已將一腳位設為輸出，您可以利用
digitalWrite 指令「開」或「關」。這個功
能接受兩個參數：第一個參數是希望執
行的腳位，第二個參數則是您想執行的
動作（例如：電流是否從該腳位輸出）。
如前所述，數位腳位只能用來開或關—
全開或全關，不能開一半或關一半。
將腳位 13「打開」的程式碼：
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
將腳位 13「關閉」的程式碼：
digitalWrite(13
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