
Conceptualization of Supply Chain Quality Management ◾ 131
and Schroeder 2004). Contingency theory has been important in research on the
success of traditional QM. For example, Zhao et al. (2004) found that the pattern
of QM systems changed with the organizational context, including organizational
size, international competitive hostility, environmental uncertainty, and perceived
importance of quality. e results of the study of Zhang et al. (2012) showed that
both internal t (between quality practices and organizational structure) and exter-
nal t (between quality practices and environmental uncertainty) were related to
the eectiveness of ...