April 2021
Intermediate to advanced
210 pages
6h 3m
Chinese
Content preview from 数据驱动力：企业数据分析实战
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数据分析
｜
63
5.2.1
描述性分析
描述性分析是最简单的一种分析。它对数据集进行定量的描述和汇总，重要的是，它描述
数据样本的数字特征，而避免描述数据所属总体的任何信息。仪表板中展示的数据，如本
周新增成员数量或年初至今的订购量，往往来自描述性分析。
自然要从单变量分析开始介绍。单变量分析指的是描述数据中的单个变量（列或域）。第
2
章介绍了五数概括法，但还有很多与位置（数据的“中间”）、离差（数据的范围）和分布
形状有关的统计量。
最简单但也最重要的一个度量是样本容量。
样本容量
样本中数据点或记录的数量。
位置指标包括下面几种。
均数（平均值）
数据的算术平均值：值的总和除以值的数量。
几何平均值
简称“几何均值”（
geomean
）
，当乘数效应起作用，比如利率逐年波动时，就可以用它
来计算平均值。它是
n
个值的乘积的
n
次方根。例如第一年的利率是
8%
，而之后
3
年
是
6%
，那么利率的平均值就是
6.5%
。
调和平均数
值的倒数的算术平均值再取倒数，一般用于平均速率。例如，如果你以
50
英
里
/
时的
速度开车去往店铺，返程途中因为遭遇堵车，车速只有
20
英
里
/
时，那么你的平均速
度并不是
35
英里
/
时，而是
29
英里
/
时。
中位数
50%
分位数。
众数
最常出现的值。
离散或集中趋势的度量包括下面几种。
最小值
样本中最小的值（
0%
分位数）
。
下四分位数
25%
分位数。有
1/4
的样本值小于它的值。也称四分位低值（
lower hinge
）。
64
｜
第
5
章
上四分位数
75%
分位数，也称四分位高值（
upper hinge
）。
最大值
样本中最大的值（
100% ...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.