February 2025
Intermediate
376 pages
9h 25m
Japanese
Content preview from 仕組みからわかる大規模言語モデル 生成AI時代のソフトウェア開発入門
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1
積が大きくなりすぎると、学習が困難になることが問題となります。そこで、
QK
T
をソフト
マックス関数に入力する前に、 で割ることで、大きすぎる値の入力を防ぎます。内積
は
D
head
個のベクトル同士の積の和でした。
Q
と
K
の要素が平均0、分散 1 であると仮定すると、
各要素の積の分散は1、その積和の分散は
D
head
になります。分散は二乗和の平均で計算され
るため、その平方根の で割ることで、内積の分散が1 となるようにします。したがっ
て、ソフトマックス関数への入力は、
D
QK
T
head
を用います。この結果にバリュー行列
V
を掛け
合わせることで、注意機構の出力が得られます。
以上の計算を式で表すと、次のようになります。
, , max
D
Attentio
n softQ K V
QK
V
T
head
=
]
e
g
o
（式1.3.2）
残る問題は、未来の情報を参照してしまうことです。次にこれを解決するためのマスクにつ
いて説明します。
マスク付き注意機構
式1.3.2 の注意機構計算では、未来の情報を参照してしまうことが問題になります。この問
題のイメージを図 1.3.13 に示します。ここでは、4番目のトークンである「車」に関連する
トークンを検索する際に、その先にあるトークンまで参照してしまっていることが問題です。
学習の際には、5 番目のトークンである「を」や6 番目のトークンである「買っ」などの情報を
参照することができますが、推論の際には未来の情報を使用することはできません。このた
め、学習時および推論時の両方で ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.