a <- list(a = 1:3, b = "a string", c = pi, d = list(-1, -5))
●
[
はサブリストを抽出する。結果は常にリスト。
str(a[1:2])
#> List of 2
#> $ a: int [1:3] 1 2 3
#> $ b: chr "a string"
str(a[4])
#> List of 1
#> $ d:List of 2
#> .
.$ : num -1
#> ..$ : num -5
ベクトル同様、論理ベクトル、整数ベクトル、文字ベクトルで部分集合を作ることもできる。
●
[[
はリストから単一成分を抽出する。リストでの階層が1つ下がる。
str(a[[1]])
#> int [1:3] 1 2 3
str(a[[4]])
#> List of 2
#> $ : num -1
#> $ : num -5
●
$
はリストの名前付き要素を抽出する略記法。
[[
と同様だが、引用符が必要ない。
a$a
#> [1] 1 2 3
a[["a"]] ...
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